Envelope Engineering/Contractual/Claim Management

Claim Management& Arbitration,defending contractual interests.

Envelope lots concentrate a disproportionate share of claims on complex projects (multiple interfaces, tight tolerances, mid-construction modifications, pressurised planning). The difficulty rarely begins when the dispute becomes visible; it begins when site-documentation protocols are missing, when contractual clauses have not been read thoroughly, when chronologies have not been established.

Our construction claim management practice intervenes during the project, not afterwards, preparing, instructing, negotiating and arbitrating claims on a documented and factual basis, within the applicable contractual frameworks (SIA 118, CCAG, FIDIC, VOB/B). This page covers live-project intervention, distinct from post-litigation forensic expertise (see Facade Forensic Expertise).

04mandates
Owner · Lead Designer · GC/TC · Facade
04phases
preparation · instruction · negotiation · escalation
07typologies
delays · modifications · tolerances · handover · perf · interfaces · facts
04analyses
contract · technique · chrono · finance
01· Plate, positioning

Defending interests across the life of the project.

Before a dispute escalates into a claim file or a tribunal, this is the core of construction claim management.

§ 01Twofold positioning

On one side, the factual treatment of claims: contractual, technical, chronological and financial analysis, rigorously, without emotional angle, without gratuitous escalation. On the other, the preference for amicable settlement: our aim is not to win at any cost, but to reach a fair and fast settlement that preserves the client's commercial relationship when possible, and defends their interests without compromise when necessary.

§ 02Contractual frameworks mobilised

We operate within the contractual frameworks applicable to each jurisdiction. In Switzerland, SIA 118 (general conditions) and SIA 118/329 (curtain walls) dominate. In France, CCAG (works, intellectual services) and DTU. Internationally, FIDIC contracts (Red, Yellow, Silver Book) and VOB/B in Germany. In arbitration, ICC, DIS and Swiss Chambers' Arbitration Institution rulesets.

§ 03Simultaneous contract + technical reading

The ability to read contract and technical file simultaneously, in real time, on a complex dossier, is rare. It is what separates an envelope contractual expert from a generalist construction lawyer or from a facade engineer without contractual training.

02· Plate, four possible mandates

One posture, four possible mandates.

Our trusted-third-party stance serves whoever mandates us. Per mandate, four different profiles, but never two opposed postures on the same project. Pre-existing relationships disclosure is systematic. See Trusted Third Party DNA.

01
For the
Owner

Owner-interest defence against claims.

Three axes: adversarial analysis, technical argumentation, variation arbitration.

Adversarial analysis of received claims. Factual instruction of each claim: verification of causality, measurement of alleged prejudice, contractual reading of the legal ground. Many claims received by an owner are over-valued or poorly grounded contractually; tight analysis sharply reduces the settlement cost.

Technical argumentation of the owner's position. Structured synthesis notes defensible in case of escalation, decision tables for investment committees, support to adversarial negotiations with the firms.

Arbitration of variations and negotiation. Preparation of high/middle/low positions, participation in adversarial meetings, drafting of transactional protocols. Where relevant, instruction of claims emitted by the owner against the contractor or its own Lead Designer (technical non-compliance, attributable delay, performance defect).

Mandator
Owner
Action 01
Adversarial analysis
Action 02
Owner argumentation
Action 03
Arbitration + protocols
CausalityPrejudiceInvestment committeeVariations
03· Plate, what we deliver

Four phases of a claim's lifecycle.

From upstream preparation to litigation escalation if needed. Depending on the project's state at mandate kick-off, one or several phases are activated.

§ 01Upstream preparation

Ideal intervention: before the first claim emerges. Contractual project audit identifies potential dispute zones from the moment the contracts are signed (tolerance clauses, penalties, interfaces, variation regimes). Hierarchised risk map: probable claims, possible claims, structurally improbable claims. Site-documentation protocols deployed with operational teams. The upstream investment is modest relative to the stakes: a few weeks of contractual scoping and documentary structuring can prevent several hundred thousand euros of claims absorbed at handover.

§ 02Claim instruction

When a claim must be instructed, the work rests on four cross-analyses. Contractual analysis (legal ground, mobilisable clauses, deadlines and formalities). Technical analysis (physical reality of prejudice, causality, reasonable measures that could have avoided damage). Chronological analysis (factual reconstruction of the sequence; chronology often makes or breaks a claim). Financial analysis (conversion of prejudice into documented costs: unproductive hours, additional materials, logistical overruns, penalties, lost margins). The costing must be defensible cold before an arbitrator, not warm at a negotiation table.

§ 03Negotiation and arbitration

Negotiation rests on the four prior analyses; without them, it is conducted blind. We prepare high/middle/low scenarios with each scenario costed and argued. Participation in adversarial meetings (on site, before an arbitrator, or in videoconference) is supported by a structured factual base. The aim is not rhetorical victory: it is the documented and defensible settlement of the file. If negotiation concludes, drafting of a transactional protocol that formalises the agreement and closes the dispute contractually.

§ 04Escalation if needed

If negotiation fails, the litigation phase opens (arbitral tribunal, ordinary court, DIS or ICC proceedings per the clause). Our intervention articulates with lawyers mandated by the client, in technical support rather than legal substitution. File construction for transmission to counsel, drafting of a synthetic technical expertise note, defensible prejudice computations, certified chronology, authenticated photographs. On request, intervention in hearing as technical witness. Escalation is always a partial failure; it consumes time, cash and attention. Our role is to maximise the client's chances by factually documenting the position, not to amplify the adversarial dimension.

04· Plate, claim typologies

Seven common typologies.

Seven claim typologies structurally recur on the envelope lot. Each demands specific instruction. Constant method: cross-reading of contract + technique + chronology + finance.

01 / / 07DELAYS

Delivery delays

Imputability, causality, planning impact, liquidable penalties.

Other-trade knock-on, contractual penalty qualification.

02 / / 07MODS

Technical modifications

Owner/architect requests, service orders, variation costing.

Distinguish remunerable modification from minor lump-sum adjustment.

03 / / 07TOLER.

Structural tolerances

Adaptation overruns on facade contractor side; under-estimated at bid.

Anchorage rework, shimming, masonry adjustment.

04 / / 07HANDOVER

Handover non-compliances

Reserves lists, clearing deadlines, penalties.

Specifications + handover minutes determine admissibility.

05 / / 07PERF.

Performance defects

Watertightness, thermal, acoustic, structural.

Often arrive after handover, contractual defences weaken.

06 / / 07INTERFACES

Multi-trade interfaces

Shared liabilities (envelope / structure / HVAC / roof).

Concentrate documentation difficulty, longest to resolve.

07 / / 07SITE FACTS

Site facts

Exceptional weather, strikes, supply, force majeure.

Not all uncertainties amount to force majeure contractually.

05· Plate, frameworks

Contractual and arbitral frameworks.

Our practice mobilises contractual and arbitral frameworks per the project's jurisdiction.

§ CHSwitzerland

SIA 118 (general conditions for construction works execution, dominant for Suisse romande and alémanique). SIA 118/329 (clauses specific to curtain walls and facade claddings, articulation with SIA 329). SIA 380/1 and 2040 (thermal and carbon frameworks, often invoked on performance-defect claims).

§ FRFrance

CCAG Travaux and CCAG Prestations intellectuelles (public frameworks, also used as standard references in private contracts). DTU (Documents techniques unifiés, notably DTU 33.1 lightweight facades, invocable as best-practice references). Code civil (Articles 1792 and following on decennial liability, invoked when a defect emerges after handover).

§ INTInternational

FIDIC (Red Book classic work, Yellow Book design-build plant, Silver Book EPC turnkey, Gold Book design-build-operate, each with its claim, penalty and variation clauses). VOB/B (Germany, standard contractual framework for public and private works, invocable in France through adaptation).

§ ARBArbitration

ICC Arbitration Rules (International Chamber of Commerce). DIS Rules (Deutsche Institution für Schiedsgerichtsbarkeit). Swiss Chambers' Arbitration Institution. See the complete normative compendium: Standards and Referentials.

06· Plate, what sets us apart

Four distinctive elements.

Four elements set our envelope construction claim management practice apart. The first (Tier-1 industrial anchor on both sides of the desk) is posed upfront; three others complete it. They are not improvised in-mandate; they are the condition of effective claim management.

Distinctive element · 01 / 04

Tier-1 industrial anchor, both sides of the desk.

We have been on both sides of the desk: the side that emits claims (at a Tier-1 international contractor in glass envelope works, on mega-projects in Europe, the Middle East and North America) and the side that defends them (as owner-side or design-team-side lead through our Owner's Engineer mandates). This dual reading enables us to anticipate the opposing party's arguments, identify unspoken truths, and diagnose real weaknesses in each position, including the client's. Golden rule: never two opposed postures on the same project.

02 / 02Distinctive element

Dual contractual + technical reading

A lawyer reads the clauses; an engineer reads the drawings. Few read both in real time.

A construction lawyer reads the clauses; a facade engineer reads the drawings; few profiles read both in real time on a complex file. Our practice does, and this fluency changes the quality of the instruction. It enables us to detect attack or defence angles that either reading alone would have missed.

Lawyer+engineerReal timeHidden angles
03 / 03Distinctive element

Documented neutrality

No affiliation, no kickback. Audible to all parties.

No capital affiliation with contractors, manufacturers, system suppliers, glass processors, extruders. No kickback with lawyers or arbitration firms. The arbitration we carry on a file benefits from this neutrality, which makes it audible to all parties, even when we defend one of them.

No affiliationNo kickbackAudible adversarial
04 / 04Distinctive element

Pragmatism vs maximalism

Find the exit that holds, not the one that flatters.

Our aim is not to win at any cost. It is to find a fair and fast settlement that preserves the client's commercial relationship where possible, and defends their interests without compromise where necessary. Many claims escalate because each party defends a maximalist position; our practice seeks the exit that holds, not the one that flatters.

Fair settlementExit that holdsNot maximalist
§ Structural equation
Tier-1 anchor + simultaneous contract+technical reading + neutrality + pragmatism = claim management that closes files, not amplifies them.
07· Plate, articulation services

Articulation with other services.

Claim management articulates with four other services of the atelier.

§ DTPSite Execution & Supervision

Site supervision is the first bulwark against claim generation. A well-piloted site (with documentation protocols, respected arrest points, anticipated interfaces) sharply reduces claim volume. Claim management intervenes when supervision is insufficient, or when the initial mandate did not include supervision. See Site Execution & Supervision.

§ ECOProject Economics

Shadow pricing and strategic value engineering are the tools of prejudice costing. A financial claim analysis rests on the same real-cost mastery as design-stage economics. See Project Economics.

§ DBLDesign-Build Lead

When we pilot a D&B consortium, claim management protects the consortium against owner claims, or constructs legitimate consortium claims. Internal consortium governance frames the handling of claims between partners. See Design-Build Lead.

§ EXPFacade Forensic Expertise (post-handover litigation)

Distinct. Forensic expertise covers post-handover, open litigation, definitive pathology (typically after handover or after the defect-notification-period). Claim management covers the project's active lifecycle. Both practices methodologically feed each other but do not blur. See Facade Forensic Expertise.

08· Plate, typical deliverables

Six deliverables.

Depending on the mandate's scope, the deliverable takes one or several forms. Each is traceable, auditable by third parties, and calibrated to hold up in adversarial confrontation.

01 / / 06AUDIT

Contractual project audit

Risk map, documentation recommendations, sensitive clauses review.

Delivered at the start of a preventive mandate.

02 / / 06INSTRUC.

Claim instruction note

4-axis analysis (contract + technique + chrono + finance).

Defensible cold before an arbitrator.

03 / / 06DEFENCE

Defence file

Structured argumentation for opposition to received claim.

Supporting evidence, chronology, adversarial costing.

04 / / 06PROTOCOL

Transactional protocol

Amicable agreement drafted, countersigned with legal counsel.

Closes the dispute contractually.

05 / / 06EXPERT.

Technical expertise report

Synthesis note for mandated lawyers, documented costing.

Usable in arbitral or ordinary tribunal.

06 / / 06HEARING

Hearing support

Technical testimony, answers to questions of judges.

On client request, intervention as technical witness.

09· Plate, continue reading

Continue reading.

Claim Management articulates with project discipline and with the other modes of mobilisation. Five entry points to explore.

A claim ongoing or to anticipate?

Each file demands discretion and precision. Share the situation in a few lines (contractual frame, parties involved, dispute stage), NDA on request.

Claim brief
Shili & PartnersA Shili Build Ventures company